Coatings On Glass, Second Edition ((LINK))
Transparent conductive coatings maximize both visible light transmission and electrical conductivity for applications such as glass instrument panels, touch displays, heads-up displays, and safety enclosures, among other applications. ECI offers transparent conductive coatings with varying conductivity resistivity and transmission for deposition on glass, semiconductor, and polymer substrates, including temperature-sensitive polymers. Select contrast-enhancing options are also available for clients requiring the utmost clarity and transmission.
Coatings on Glass, Second Edition
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Some specialty fibers use the same acrylate coatings as communication fibers. Others use different coating materials for requirements in sensing, harsh environments, or serving as a secondary cladding. Examples of non-acrylate specialty fiber coating materials include carbon, metals, nitrides, polyimides and other polymers, sapphire, silicone, and complex compositions with polymers, dyes, fluorescent materials, sensing reagents, or nanomaterials. Some of these materials, such as carbon and metal, can be applied in thin layers and supplemented with other polymer coatings.
Polarization-maintaining fibers. PM fibers represent a class with several fiber designs for multiple applications. Some PM fibers, for example, have rare-earth dopants for fiber lasers. These cases may use the low-index coating as a secondary cladding, as described above. Other PM fibers are intended to be wound into tight coils for gyroscopes, hydrophones, and other sensors. In these cases, the coatings may need to meet environmental requirements, such as low temperature ranges, as well as strength and microbending requirements associated with the winding process.
Glass-related research still continues, and one of the most recent enhancements has been the application of specially formulated waterborne coatings to sheets of clear glass, which provides them with a variety of colors and hues. The furniture industry has been the first to adapt this concept but when the creativity of product development professionals, designers, architects and contractors becomes stimulated, it could have a range of other applications.
The first architectural glass coatings were subsequently developed to hinder emissivity and keep the heat inside and out as appropriate. This is known as low emissivity (Low-E) glass, which minimizes the amount of ultraviolet (UV) or infrared (IR) light that can pass through by using a transparent, architectural glass coating designed to reflect short- or long-wave energy. The heat of the sun is reflected outwards, while the heat inside is reflected in. It is a similar technology to that which is used in lasers with internal mirrors.
A feature that renders these coatings especially compelling is that they complement most other types of solar panel innovation. For example, an AR coating on the outside of solar glass would complement a photon-transforming coating on the inside of solar glass, as well as solar cell, module, etc. innovations for a panel. A second compelling feature of coatings is that strong intellectual property can enable capital-light, highly-scalable licensing models for business-to-business sales to major customers.
Our results show that hydrophobins from a single organism that belong to the same class can exhibit various surface binding characteristics. The tested hydrophobins from A. nidulans DewA, DewC, DewD, DewE and HFBI from T. reesei were all efficient in forming glass surface coatings, thereby increasing the hydrophobicity of glass. Mostly, the hydrophobins formed a uniform layer, with the exception for DewE, which formed protein aggregates, visible both via immunofluorescence and atomic force microscopy. The analysis of the coating resistance towards ethanol, detergent, temperature and UV revealed major differences in the hydrophobin layer characteristics. Only the DewA protein layers showed the class I typical high resistance towards water, ethanol, detergent and temperature treatments. Also, as expected, the HFBI protein, which is a class II hydrophobin, has formed less stable layers on the glass surface. Other hydrophobins from A. nidulans demonstrated lower resistance towards mentioned treatments than expected. The DewE protein showed most distinctions in both layer formation and stability compared to other tested proteins. It not only formed larger protein aggregates on surface, but was also almost completely removed by both ethanol and SDS treatments that interfere with the hydrophobic interactions between the hydrophobin molecules. This sensitivity could be explained by the nontypical structure of the DewE protein compared to other class I hydrophobins4. Though the DewE hydrophathy pattern was previously identified as similar to class I hydrophobins, two hydrophobic unstructured loops that are conserved in typical class I hydrophobins DewA, RodA and DewB from A. nidulans are shifted in the DewE protein4. Another hydrophobin that showed low resistance towards treatments with ethanol and SDS, DewD, has even more distinct hydrophobicity pattern in comparison to other hydrophobins from A. nidulans and could not be assigned to any class4. Both protein layers also showed higher sensitivity towards UV-C and temperature treatments than DewA. On the other hand they showed the best emulsion stabilization effect in oil:water emulsion. The DewC protein, though assigned to class I hydrophobins based on its secondary structure, showed coating stability characteristic close to the HFBI protein.
StarBright XLT vs. Previous StarBright Coatings StarBright XLT system transmission gives a 16% improvement compared to the previous StarBright coatings. The average system transmission for StarBright coatings is 72%, while the average system transmission for StarBright XLT is 83.5%. StarBright uses soda lime glass correctors, whereas StarBright XLT uses water white glass, which improves the corrector throughput dramatically.
We obtained samples of the secondary and primary mirrors which we wished to test, stripped the existing coating, and replaced it with one for which we also obtained flat witness plates. These flat witness plates were calibrated against a NIST specular reflectance standard. Since the flat witness plates were coated along with the curved samples, and since we have adequate data to show that our coatings are very uniform from part to part in any given coating run, we can apply this reflectance data to our curved samples. Using these curved surface reflectance standards we are able to measure other mirrors of the same curvature just as we use our flat reflectance standard to measure the reflectance of flat samples.
In the case of sapphire glass, this can be remedied by adding an antireflective surface coating. This wafer-thin layer ensures a clear and unrestricted view of the watch dial. Such antireflective or optical coatings are also used in high-quality spectacles and optical lenses in the photographic industry.
Silver is an excellent metal to use for plating. Though tin is often assumed to be a low-cost substitute, its properties do not give it an advantage in tensile strength, heat absorption, corrosion resistance or conductivity. Silver is also used a more affordable alternative to gold plating. In astronomical optical mirror application, silver coatings provide benefits to primary, secondary and tertiary mirrors because of its high reflectance and lasting durability.
Though bare silver is considered a poor solution due to its ability to tarnish and its inability to reliably adhere to surfaces like glass, a protected silver mirror coating can be applied. These coatings can be highly reflective dielectric layers that resist tarnishing and improve adhesion. Although it is possible that these protected silver coatings may be susceptible to damage from ultraviolet light, choosing specific dielectric overcoats of higher thicknesses may prevent this degradation. 041b061a72